The structural stability of graphite has been described earlier. First, graphite has good chemical stability. Specially processed graphite is widely used for making heat exchangers, reaction tanks, condensers, combustion towers, absorption towers, coolers, heaters, filters, pumps and other equipment due to its corrosion resistance, good thermal conductivity and low permeability. These equipment are used in petrochemical, hydrometallurgy, acid-base production, synthetic fiber, paper making and other industrial sectors, which can save a lot of metal materials. 0 is used as casting, foundry, die casting and high-temperature metallurgical materials. Because graphite has a small expansion coefficient and can withstand rapid cooling and heating changes, it can be used as a mold for glassware. After graphite is used, the castings obtained from ferrous metals have accurate dimensions, smooth surface and high yield. It can be used without processing or a little processing, thus saving a lot of metal. In the production of cemented carbide and other powder metallurgy processes, graphite materials are usually used to make boats for pressure resistant sintering. Single crystal silicon crystal growth crucibles, regional refining vessels, supports, fixtures, induction heaters, etc. are all processed from high-purity graphite. In addition, graphite can also be used as graphite insulation board and base for vacuum metallurgy, and as tube, rod, plate, lattice and other components of high-temperature resistance furnace.

atomic energy

Graphite has good neutron deceleration performance. It was first used as a moderator in atomic reactors. Uranium graphite reactor is one of the most widely used atomic reactors. As the deceleration material in the nuclear reactor for power, it should have high melting point, stability and corrosion resistance, and graphite can fully meet the above requirements. The purity of graphite used for atomic reactor is very high, and the impurity content should not exceed dozens (parts per million), especially the boron content should be less than.

national defense industry

In the national defense industry, graphite is also used to make nozzles of solid fuel rockets, nose cones of missiles, parts of aerospace equipment, heat insulation materials and radiation protection materials.

Anti scaling and anti rust materials

Graphite can prevent boiler scaling. Tests by relevant units show that adding a certain amount of graphite powder to water (about per ton of water) can prevent boiler surface scaling. In addition, graphite can be coated on metal chimneys, roofs, bridges and pipes to prevent corrosion and rust.

Other uses

With the continuous development of science and technology, many new uses of graphite have been developed. Flexible graphite products. Flexible graphite, also known as expanded graphite, is a new graphite product developed in the s. The United States successfully developed flexible graphite sealing materials to solve the leakage problem of atomic energy valves. Subsequently, Germany, Japan and France began to develop and produce them. In addition to the characteristics of natural graphite, this product also has special flexibility and elasticity. Therefore, it is an ideal sealing material. It is widely used in petrochemical, atomic energy and other industrial fields. The international market demand is increasing year by year.

High purity products are used in high-purity metal smelting, electronic industry, nuclear industry and mold manufacturing; Common products are used for masonry materials in aluminum electric decomposition tank, powder metallurgy sintering furnace, ferroalloy furnace and other submerged arc furnaces.