Magnesia carbon brick magnesia carbon refractory was successfully developed by the United States in the mid-s. in the s, the Japanese steel industry began to use magnesia carbon brick in water-cooled electric arc furnace smelting. In the world, magnesia carbon brick has been widely used in steel making and has become a traditional use of graphite. At the beginning of the s, magnesia carbon brick was used as the lining of oxygen top blown converter.

Aluminum carbon brick aluminum carbon refractory material is mainly used for continuous casting, flat steel billet self-contained transmission pipeline cover, underwater nozzle and oil well blasting barrel. In Japan, the steel produced by continuous casting accounts for more than 10% of the total production.

Crucibles and related products: shaped and fire-resistant crucibles and related products made of graphite, such as crucibles, curved necked bottles, plugs and nozzles, have high fire resistance and low thermal expansion. They are also stable when they are soaked and washed by metal in the process of smelting metal, and have good thermal shock stability and excellent conductivity at high temperatures. Therefore, graphite crucibles and related products are widely used in the process of directly melting metal. The traditional graphite clay crucible is made of flake graphite with a carbon content greater than, and usually the graphite flake should be larger than the mesh (- screen). The important improvement in crucible production technology abroad is that the type, flake size and quality of graphite used are more flexible. Secondly, the traditional clay graphite crucible is replaced by a silicon carbide graphite crucible, which is produced with the introduction of constant pressure technology in the steel-making industry. The constant pressure technology can also make small scale graphite be applied. In the clay graphite crucible, but in the silicon carbide graphite crucible, the content of large scale components only accounts for, and the carbon content of graphite is reduced to.

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steel-making

Graphite and other impurity materials can be used as carburizers in the steel-making industry. Carburizing uses a wide range of carbonaceous materials, including artificial graphite, petroleum coke, metallurgical coke and natural graphite. In the world, graphite used as carburizing agent for steel-making is still one of the main uses of earthy graphite.

Conductive material

Graphite is widely used in the electrical industry as electrode, brush, carbon rod, carbon tube, positive electrode of mercury rectifier, graphite gasket, telephone parts, coating of TV picture tube, etc. Among them, graphite electrodes are most widely used. When smelting various alloy steels and ferroalloys, graphite electrodes are used. At this time, a strong current is introduced into the smelting area of the electric furnace through the electrodes to generate an arc, which converts electrical energy into thermal energy and raises the temperature to about, so as to achieve the purpose of smelting or reaction. In addition, when electrolyzing metals such as magnesium, aluminum and sodium, graphite electrodes are also used as the anode of the electrolytic cell. Graphite electrode is also used as the conductive material of furnace head in the resistance furnace for producing corundum. Graphite used in the electrical industry has high requirements for particle size and grade. For example, alkaline batteries and some special electric carbon products require that the graphite particle size be controlled within the scope of the target, and the grade shall be above, and the harmful impurities (mainly metallic iron) shall be below. The granularity of graphite used for TV picture tube shall be below. Graphite, a wear-resistant and lubricating material, is often used as a lubricant in the machinery industry. Lubricating oil can not be used at high speed, high temperature and high pressure, while graphite wear-resistant materials can work without lubricating oil at - temperature and at very high sliding speed. Many equipment conveying corrosive media widely use graphite materials to make piston rings, sealing rings and bearings. They do not need to add lubricating oil during operation. Graphite emulsion is also a good lubricant for many metal processing (wire drawing and pipe drawing).